Lung Cancer

Lung cancer starts when abnormal cells grow out of control in the lung. They can invade nearby tissues and form tumors. Lung cancer can start anywhere in the lungs and affect any part of the respirotory system. The cancer cells can spread, or metastasize, to the lymph nodes and other parts of the body.

What causes lung cancer
Most lung cancer is caused by smoking. Secondhand smoke also can cause lung cancer. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths.
Being exposed to arsenic, asbestos, radioactive dust, or radon can increase your chances of getting lung cancer. People who are exposed to radiation at work or elsewhere have a higher chance of getting lung cancer.


What are the symptoms?

Early lung cancer doesn't usually cause any symptoms. This is why it's not usually found early.
In its advanced stage, cancer may affect how your lungs work. The first signs of lung cancer may include:
=) Coughing.
=) Wheezing.
=) Feeling short of breath.
=) Having blood in any mucus that you cough up.


If you have these symptoms and are worried about lung cancer, call your doctor.
Lung cancer may spread to the chest and then to other parts of the body. For example, if it spreads to the spine or bones, it may cause pain in the back or other bones or weakness in the arms or legs. If it spreads to the brain, it may cause seizures, headaches, or vision changes.


How is lung cancer diagnosed?

Your doctor will check your symptoms and ask questions about whether you smoke or have been exposed to another person's smoke or to any cancer-causing substances. He or she will also ask about your medical history, including any history of cancer in your family. This information will help your doctor decide how likely it is that you have lung cancer and whether you need tests to be sure.
Lung cancer is usually first found on a chest X-ray or a CT scan. More tests are done to find out what kind of cancer cells you have and whether they have spread beyond your lung. These tests help determine what stage the cancer is in. The stage is a rating to measure how big the cancer is and how far it has spread.


How is it treated?

Treatment for lung cancer includes surgery, anti-cancer medicines (chemotherapy), radiation, or a mix of all three. It depends on what type of cancer you have and how much it has spread.
Few lung cancers are found in the early stages when treatment is most effective.
It can be very scary to learn that you may have lung cancer. Talking with your doctor or joining a support group may help you deal with your feelings. It can help if you have lots of support from family and friends. Staying as active as possible will also help.
Less than half of people who get lung cancer live 1 more year after the cancer is found. And only about 15 out of every 100 people with lung cancer live for 5 or more years.It’s important to remember that everyone’s case is different and that these numbers may not show what will happen in your case.


Can you prevent lung cancer?

Lung cancer is one of the easiest cancers to prevent, because most lung cancer is caused by smoking. So it is important to stop smoking—or to stop being around someone else’s smoke.
Even if you have smoked a long time, quitting can lower your chances of getting cancer. If you already have lung cancer, quitting makes your treatment work better and can help you live longer.

Acupuncture is a technique of inserting and manipulating fine filiform needles into specific points on the body to relieve pain or for therapeutic purposes. The word acupuncture comes from the Latin acus, "needle", and pungere, "to prick". In Standard Mandarin, 針砭 (zhēn biān) (a related word, 針灸 (zhēn jiǔ), refers to acupuncture together with moxibustion).

According to traditional Chinese medical theory, acupuncture points are situated on meridians along which qi, the vital energy, flows. There is no known anatomical or histological basis for the existence of acupuncture points or meridians. Modern acupuncture texts present them as ideas that are useful in clinical practice. According to the NIH consensus statement on acupuncture, these traditional Chinese medical concepts "are difficult to reconcile with contemporary biomedical information but continue to play an important role in the evaluation of patients and the formulation of treatment in acupuncture."

Acupuncture originated in China and is most commonly associated with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).Different types of acupuncture (Classical Chinese, Japanese, Tibetan, Vietnamese and Korean acupuncture) are practiced and taught throughout the world.

There is no scientific or medical evidence that acupuncture has any efficacy beyond a placebo effect.The WHO, the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the American Medical Association (AMA) and various government reports have studied and commented on the efficacy of acupuncture. There is general agreement that acupuncture is safe when administered by well-trained practitioners using sterile needles, and that further research is appropriate.

Health Care

Health care, or healthcare, refers to the treatment and management of illness, and the preservation of health through services offered by the medical, pharmaceutical, dental, clinical laboratory sciences (in vitro diagnostics), nursing, and allied health professions. Health care embraces all the goods and services designed to promote health, including “preventive, curative and palliative interventions, whether directed to individuals or to populations”.
Before the term health care became popular, English-speakers referred to medicine or to the health sector and spoke of the treatment and prevention of illness and disease.
A health care provider or health professional is an organization or person who delivers proper health care in a systematic way professionally to any individual in need of health care services. A health care provider could be government, the health care industry, a health care equipment company, an institution such as a hospital or medical laboratory, physicians, dentists, support staff, nurses, therapists, psychologists, pharmacists, chiropractors, and optometrists.
Emergency medicine is a speciality of medicine that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of acute illnesses and injuries that require immediate medical attention. While not usually providing long-term or continuing care, emergency medicine physicians diagnose a wide array of pathology and undertake acute interventions to stabilize the patient. These professionals practice in hospital emergency departments, in the prehospital setting via emergency medical service and other locations where initial medical treatment of illness takes place. Just as clinicians operate by immediacy rules under large emergency systems, emergency practioniers aim to diagnose emergent conditions and stabilize the patient for definitive care.
Chronic care management encompasses the oversight and education activities conducted by professionals to help patients with chronic diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure, lupus, multiple sclerosis and sleep apnea learn to understand their condition and live successfully with it. This term is equivalent to disease management (health) for chronic conditions. The work involves motivating patients to persist in necessary therapies and interventions and helping them to achieve an ongoing, reasonable quality of life.
Patient safety is a new healthcare discipline that emphasizes the reporting, analysis, and prevention of medical error that often lead to adverse healthcare events. The frequency and magnitude of avoidable adverse patient events was not well known until the 1990s, when multiple countries reported staggering numbers of patients harmed and killed by medical errors. Recognizing that healthcare errors impact 1 in every 10 patients around the world, the World Health Organization calls patient safety an endemic concern. Indeed, patient safety has emerged as a distinct healthcare discipline supported by an immature yet developing scientific framework. There is a significant transdisciplinary body of theoretical and research literature that informs the science of patient safety. The resulting patient safety knowledge continually informs improvement efforts such as: applying lessons learned from business and industry, adopting innovative technologies, educating providers and consumers, enhancing error reporting systems, and developing new economic incentives. This patient safety page provides an evidence-based and peer-reviewed forum to learn about contemporary error and adverse event knowledge.

Acupuncture

Acupuncture is a technique of inserting and manipulating fine filiform needles into specific points on the body to relieve pain or for therapeutic purposes. The word acupuncture comes from the Latin acus, "needle", and pungere, "to prick". In Standard Mandarin, 針砭 (zhēn biān) (a related word, 針灸 (zhēn jiǔ), refers to acupuncture together with moxibustion).

According to traditional Chinese medical theory, acupuncture points are situated on meridians along which qi, the vital energy, flows. There is no known anatomical or histological basis for the existence of acupuncture points or meridians. Modern acupuncture texts present them as ideas that are useful in clinical practice. According to the NIH consensus statement on acupuncture, these traditional Chinese medical concepts "are difficult to reconcile with contemporary biomedical information but continue to play an important role in the evaluation of patients and the formulation of treatment in acupuncture."

Acupuncture originated in China and is most commonly associated with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).Different types of acupuncture (Classical Chinese, Japanese, Tibetan, Vietnamese and Korean acupuncture) are practiced and taught throughout the world.

There is no scientific or medical evidence that acupuncture has any efficacy beyond a placebo effect.The WHO, the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the American Medical Association (AMA) and various government reports have studied and commented on the efficacy of acupuncture. There is general agreement that acupuncture is safe when administered by well-trained practitioners using sterile needles, and that further research is appropriate.

Clinical practice

Acupuncture needleMost modern acupuncturists use disposable stainless steel needles of fine diameter (0.007" to 0.020", 0.18 mm to 0.51 mm), sterilized with ethylene oxide or by autoclave. These needles are far smaller in diameter (and therefore less painful) than hypodermic injection needles since they do not have to be hollow for purposes of injection. The upper third of these needles is wound with a thicker wire (typically bronze), or covered in plastic, to stiffen the needle and provide a handle for the acupuncturist to grasp while inserting. The size and type of needle used, and the depth of insertion, depend on the acupuncture style being practised.

Warming an acupuncture point, typically by moxibustion (the burning of a combination of herbs, primarily mugwort), is a different treatment than acupuncture itself and is often, but not exclusively, used as a supplemental treatment. The Chinese term zhēn jǐu (針灸), commonly used to refer to acupuncture, comes from zhen meaning "needle", and jiu meaning "moxibustion". Moxibustion is used to varying degrees among current schools of oriental medicine. For example, one well-known technique is to insert the needle at the desired acupuncture point, attach dried moxa to the external end of an acupuncture needle, and then ignite it. The moxa will then smolder for several minutes (depending on the amount adhered to the needle) and conduct heat through the needle to the tissue surrounding the needle in the patient's body. Another common technique is to hold a large glowing stick of moxa over the needles. Moxa is also sometimes burned at the skin surface, usually by applying an ointment to the skin to protect from burns, though burning of the skin is general practice in China.

EXTRA TIPS FOR EXAM PREPATION

Below are listed some other specific suggestions.Other tips:

Flashcards - help to memorize facts NOT understanding
Groups - good to work through difficult material, quiz each other for understanding
Review sessions - only go to early ones, last minute reviews sometimes cause needless confusion
Tutors - get help early, waiting till the last minute only fosters aggravation and panic
Professors/TA's - same as above, don't email about material the night before, do it early

MOST EFFECTIVE DIET

Wouldn't it be great if you could find out what the most effective diet program is without spending a fortune? Oh wait a second...you're about to find out right now! Seriously though, take just two minutes out of your busy day to read this article and learn more about the most effective and popular diet of 2009!
My friend, you have to first understand that in order for any diet to be effective, you have to still practice the core principles of a healthy lifestyle. This is why I highly recommend for you to avoid fad diets, starvation diets, and celebrity type diets. Those types of diets go against the core principles of a healthy lifestyle...especially the most important principle...proper nutrition!
The most effective diet that will help you with the most effective principle, which is proper nutrition as mentioned above, is a new dieting system called calorie shifting. This system works because you will firstly be able to eat the amount of calories you are SUPPOSED to get daily, but you will be taught how to shift those calories into raising your metabolic rate to its highest level possible. The higher your metabolic rate is the more fat and weight will drop right off of you!
Listen, if you are tired of wasting your hard earned money on expensive dieting systems and plans that are highly ineffective...and in most cases unsafe for you, then I highly recommend for you to look into a tryout the calorie shifting diet system!

EXAM PREPARATION

The most important thing any student can do to prepare for exam is to start early. The days of studying for an exam on the bus going to school are over. Even if you got A's this way, it's not going to work very often with college material. College courses require far more effort.
Start preparing for the next test the day after you take the prior one. Daily preparation is crucial. At a minimum, review material once every week between exams.
How much time is needed? The classic question. Some recommend 2-3 hours outside of class for every hour of class time. In some cases homework problems will require this much effort. For a straightforward lecture course try the following:
Every day before class, preview the material for 15-20 minutes.
Attend every lecture. Seems simple but it's the biggest misteak students make.
Take good notes. Learn how.
Spend another 20-30 minutes after class going over the notes.
Use this time to get any confusing points cleared up in your head; much better now than later. This will make later exam prep. MUCH easier.
Once a week, review the material to get a more complete overview of the information.

Patience

Animals act upon instinct. Humans, however, can think.


Everyone has been in a situation where they just rushed things, and later wished they had taken things slowly. When animals are in a state of panic, they generally tend to act on instinct and don't think about what they are doing. They just blindly do whatever their instinct tells them. Fortunately for us, through many years of evolution, we have developed something no other animal has. By rationalizing and making sense of a situation, we can “bypass” our first instinct and control what we do. This allows us to think things through and plan our actions, even if we are in a tough situation.
By simply taking a moment to breathe deeply and tell yourself to calm down, you will find that you can think more clearly. You should set your priorities, find what matters most, find that outcome you want, and plan a series of actions that will lead you to that outcome.
I know what you are thinking, “It is easier said than done.” Well yes, it is easier said than done, but by at least trying to calm down, you will get better results.
You should try the following in any situation:
1. Calm down
2. Make sense of the situation
3. Set your priorities
4. Find the outcome you want
5. Plan your actions accordingly

Secrets of Success for People Who Lack Self-discipline

If you have trouble to discipline yourself, this is the guide that can help you change without using any discipline.

Goal setting , hard work and discipline have always been quoted as secrets of success for many people. This is true but have we ever wondered why some people failed to achieve their goals despite their best intentions? What could be the reasons for their failure? Could it be due to lack of goal setting,hard work and discipline? I doubt it.
The reason why this well-intentioned; ambitious people fail to achieve their goals is because they have failure habits entrenched deep in their subconscious minds that they don't realize these habits are controlling their actions and behaviour 90% of their time. So, how can we help these wanna-be achievers? What are the secrets of success for them?
The secrets of success for people who have trouble to discipline themselves is by using and harnessing the power of subconscious mind to change their habits. The old way of using discipline to change themselves don't work for them.The reason why subconscious mind can help them change is because subconscious mind doesn't require forced effort to make any change. In fact, people don't even realize that they are changing when they tap into the power of subconscious mind. That's how amazing subconscious mind is.
So, if you are this type of people, where do you begin? How can you use this special power to change yourselves and achieve your dreams? The best resource that I've found so far for people like you is InnerTalk.. InnerTalk is a tool that is designed to flood your mind with affirmations that become your own self talk, your own personal belief; thereby overcoming the personal beliefs that were self defeating in nature. If you are looking for the most powerful subconscious mind tool to achieve positive & long lasting changes, InnerTalk is the one!
But the cost of each Innertalk CD is costly. So,what if you can't afford it? Use written affirmation! Instead of speaking out your affirmation, write down your affirmation everyday. If you want to be wealthy, say things like "I feel so happy I have one million dollar in my bank accounts”.Write it down daily. It may sound weird but it works. It worked for me and it worked for thousands of people who have applied this exercise. If you want to learn more about this technique and new success secrets, go to ezucway.com.
So, there you go. Two secret websites that can help you get the success that have eluded you for a long time. Finally you can get whatever you want without using goal setting,hard work and discipline. This is an absolute contrast to what you have been exposed before but put away your doubts, listen to Innertalk CD or write your affirmations daily and in 3 months, you will start to see amazing things happen to your life. Don't believe it? Then, try it. It's the only way to make you believe. This is secrets of success for people who lack self-discipline!

ADVANTAGES OF CLONING

Among the advantages offered by cloning are the following:
1. The possibility of producing not a complete body but just an organ to save the life of a human being who requires the transplant of that organ.

2. The cloning of a complete human being whose bone marrow would help to save the life of his brother ill with leukemia. The transplant of bone marrow calls for a close biological link between the donor and the beneficiary, which in the case of cloning is really the closest possible relationship. In England there was a case where a woman felt obliged to conceive another child who could provide bone marrow for her only son who suffered from leukemia.

3. The cloning of transgenetic animals, that is animals with modifications brought about by human genes, to use their organs in transplants in human beings and thus avoid their rejection. Once a prototype of this kind is got then its mass reproduction by cloning is easier. It's not necessary to go through the inevitable variations and unpredictable situations that attend sexual reproduction.

4. The reproduction of therapeutic human proteins in the milk of sheep or other mammals, introducing a gen that is active exclusively in the mammary glands of the animals.

5. Cloning also allows the propagation of animals facing extinction and thus maintains ecological balance.

6. Cloning permits a greater propagation of insects that help control plagues that damage agricultural products, thus reducing the use of insecticides and pesticides, improving the quality of human life and protecting the environment.

7. Through cloning the industrial method is applied to biology; in other words: quality control and prediction. The quality of the clone is known beforehand, and also it is known perfectly well that its characteristics are identical in 99% with those of the original (donor)

TIPS TO CALM YOUR SELF DOWN

Step1
Begin with the most popular ways to calm your nerves. Incorporate one or more of the following into your life (one of the most familiar techniques: yoga, tai chi, music, hypnosis, exercise and massage.

Step2
Autogenic relaxation. Autogenic means something that comes from within you. In this technique, you use both visual imagery and body awareness to reduce stress. You repeat words or suggestions in your mind to help you relax and reduce muscle tension. You may imagine a peaceful place and then focus on controlled, relaxing breathing, slowing your heart rate, or different physical sensations, such as relaxing each arm or leg one by one.

Step3
Progressive muscle relaxation. In this technique, you focus on slowly tensing and then relaxing each muscle group. This helps you focus on the difference between muscle tension and relaxation, and you become more aware of physical sensations. You may choose to start by tensing and relaxing the muscles in your toes and progressively working your way up to your neck and head. Tense your muscles for at least five seconds and then relax for 30 seconds and repeat.

Step4
Visualization. In this technique, you form mental images to take a visual journey to a peaceful, calming place or situation. Try to use as many senses as you can, including smells, sights, sounds and textures. If you imagine relaxing at the ocean, for instance, think about the warmth of the sun, the sound of crashing waves, the feel of the grains of sand and the smell of salt water. You may want to close your eyes, sit in a quiet spot and loosen any tight clothing.

Step5
Quick fix. If you feel stressed take a few moments out, says Tejvan Pettinger, a member of the Sri Chinmoy Meditation Centre. Watch and be aware of your breathing. Breathe naturally and gently; this will have a very powerful, calming influence on your mind. When you breathe in, feel that you are breathing in inner peace. When you breathe out, feel you are exhaling all your anxieties and worries. Relaxation can be this simple and it doesn’t have to be complicated at all.

HOW TO HANDLE REJECTION in our life..

1. Don’t take it personally. There are times in our lives when we are rejected simply because of timing. If you ask someone out to lunch but they have already eaten lunch, well they are going to turn you down! If you apply for a part-time job at a department store during the hari raya holidays the week of Hari Raya, they are going to turn you down because they have enough staff. Some rejections have nothing to do with us. So if you got turned down, do not second guess that you are no good or that no one likes you. It may just be a question of timing!

2. Think positively. It can be hard to think positively when you have been rejected, but try to turn the tables on this. If someone declines your offer for a social event, think about all the times when you have said no to others as well. Also, sometimes, getting rejected is a blessing in disguise. It may provide you with the space for something bigger that is about to happen!

3. Listen to the rejection carefully. It is important to pay attention to the reason for the rejection. This will tell you if you have a second chance or not. If you apply for a job and the Human Resources Director says “Not now, but call me in three months,” you can choose to focus on the part about timing. Try asking a follow up question to understand why you are being rejected now and get creative in coming up with an alternative solution.

4. Be kind to yourself. Being rejected is a disappointment to say the least. It can be very frustrating to put yourself out there for either personal or professional reasons and then, be told “no.” So, be kind to yourself after getting rejected in some way. Engage in positive self talk and encourage yourself for the future. Do not be silly by drowning your sorrows in food, alcohol, cigarettes or overspending.

5. Have confidence in who you are. Learn to have confidence that people will like you just as you are and to make yourself the best “you” that you can be. Engage in hobbies and activities that you. Laugh and sparkle! People will respond in amazing ways and you will get to experience less rejection!

6. Know that everyone gets rejected. There are six billion people on this earth. We are all beautiful, unique and different. There are times we are in demand and times we may get rejected. Knowing that rejection is an emotion that many people go through is a reality check! So get over your victim mentality and move on!

7. Try and try again. A popular sales motto is that it takes twenty “nos” to get to one “yes.” Many successful authors like Robert Kiyosaki and Mark Victor Hansen got their manuscripts rejected several times by publishing houses before they hit big time! Learn from these authors. Do not therefore take rejection as a sign of failure. Instead, press on in your dreams

THINGS TO DO WHEN YOU FEEL LONELY

1. Read a book
Now, they don’t say that books are your best friends for nothing! A good book with a cup of coffee can give you company for hours. Even if you are not much of a reader you can still indulge yourself into comics! Remember Archies, Tinkle, Garfield, Calvin &Hobbes.......

2. Pen down your random thoughts
Often when you are alone and away from near and dear ones, the solitude of time and space brings lot of thoughts in the head and it is the best time to introspect and write down your thoughts into a diary…..a certain memoir to keep! You will yourself be surprised when you read it again after a few years.

3. Go for a walk
What better to beat the solitude than being amongst people itself! A stroll by a beach, lake or in a park will cheer you up so much. At times just gazing at people, observing their activities can really take your blues away. And then, a breath of fresh air and a little bit of exercise will also give extra benefits!

4. Listen to your favorite music
Just put the CD on and play your song. It is probably the best time for you to listen to ‘your’ music and feel it completely. You can sing along aloud, you can groove with it in front of the mirror or you can simply close your eyes and feel the rhythm in your soul.

5. Solve a puzzle
Take a crossword, su-do-ku, brain-teasers -anything that interests you, and try solving it. Set your own deadlines and make your own rules. It is a great way to not just avoid boredom but also exercise the brain!

6. Experiment in the kitchen
Now, if you are a homemaker then you might not like this idea a lot but there is always a time when each of us want to experiment our own recipes. And what better time than this to test your culinary skills! Go ahead, mix and mash anything you feel like without any worries of what will your hubby/boyfriend/kids will eat if you mess it up! If you are a guy, well you might just impress your girl with a culinary innovation!

7. Watch a movie
Get a DVD from your local shop and enjoy a movie. A comedy is the best option but so is any other movie that you really have been wanting to watch in a long time but haven’t got a chance to do!



8. Pamper yourself
Go shopping! Join a hobby class.

Tips to Be Happy at Work

1. Choose to Be Happy at WorkHappiness is largely a choice. You can choose to be happy at work. Sound simple? Yes. But, simplicity is often profoundly difficult to put into action. So, think positively about your work. Dwell on the aspects of your work you like. Avoid negative people and gossip. Find coworkers you like and enjoy and spend your time with them. Your choices at work largely define your experience. You can choose to be happy at work.

2. Do Something You Love Every Single DayYou may or may not love your current job and you may or may not believe that you can find something in your current job to love, but you can. Trust me. Take a look at yourself, your skills and interests, and find something that you can enjoy doing every day. If you do something you love every single day, your current job won't seem so bad. Of course, you can always make your current job work or decide that it is time to quit your job.

3. Take Charge of Your Own Professional and Personal Development.
Take charge of your own growth; ask for specific and meaningful help from your boss, but march to the music of your personally developed plan and goals. You have the most to gain from growing - and the most to lose, if you stand still.

4. Take Responsibility for Knowing What Is Happening at WorkSeek out the information you need to work effectively. Develop an information network and use it. Assertively request a weekly meeting with your boss and ask questions to learn. You are in charge of the information you receive.

5. Ask for Feedback FrequentlyIf you're not positive about your work, think about improving and making a sincere contribution. Then, ask your boss for feedback. Tell him you'd really like to hear his assessment of your work. Talk to your customers, too; if you're serving them well, their feedback is affirming. You are responsible for your own development. Everything else you get is gravy.

6. Make Only Commitments You Can KeepOne of the most serious causes of work stress and unhappiness is failing to keep commitments. Many employees spend more time making excuses for failing to keep a commitment, and worrying about the consequences of not keeping a commitment, than they do performing the tasks promised. Create a system of organization and planning that enables you to assess your ability to complete a requested commitment. Don't volunteer if you don't have time. If your workload is exceeding your available time and energy, make a comprehensive plan to ask the boss for help and resources. Don't wallow in the swamp of unkept promises.

salam semua.....

halooo.....eh2..assalamualaikum...emm,i guess this is my first post lah...setelah brbulan2 buat blog tp tak tr'update' ni...bkn nya pa, sbb baru lagi kn,so cm malas2 nk update blog...tp ntah la kenapa saat ini tetiba ja tringat blik blog ni....cewah ayat...haha...emm ntah la... pa2 ja la...
nak kta pa ni...tak dak idea la plak...emm,kat sekeliling ni ada my rumet 2 org,dya n adek abg...sorang gi test mekanik...dpn ada adeq abg,dya lak ngan laptop dia...masing2 wat hal masing2... diselangi dgn nyanyian lagu raya senario dr km...hahahah..... wlaupun skang bkn musim nak raya,tp lagu senario tu mnjadi favret km lam bilik....sbb ada part oi,oi,oi,oi tu.... kuakuakua....mcm2 la kami ni....ok la...nak wat keja ni...stakat ni dlu utk saja2....
daaaa.......